「java链接hive」java连接数据库
本篇文章给大家谈谈java链接hive，以及java连接数据库对应的知识点，希望对各位有所帮助，不要忘了收藏本站喔。
本文目录一览：
- 1、hive 需要写java代码吗
- 2、hive jdbc连接不成功。。报错org.apache.thrift.transport.TTransportException: Invalid status -128
- 3、如何在Java中执行Hive命令或HiveQL
- 4、java连接Hive的几种方式
- 5、如何使用kettle连接hive和hive2
- 6、如何生成hive的建表语句
hive 需要写java代码吗
如果你的项目是java项目的话，就需要使用hive提供的java api，如下代码：
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
/**
* Hive的JavaApi
*
* 启动hive的远程服务接口命令行执行：hive --service hiveserver /dev/null 2/dev/null
*
* @author 吖大哥
*
*/
public class HiveJdbcCli {
private static String driverName = "org.apache.hadoop.hive.jdbc.HiveDriver";
private static String url = "jdbc:hive://hadoop3:10000/default";
private static String user = "hive";
private static String password = "mysql";
private static String sql = "";
private static ResultSet res;
private static final Logger log = Logger.getLogger(HiveJdbcCli.class);
public static void main(String[] args) {
Connection conn = null;
Statement stmt = null;
try {
conn = getConn();
stmt = conn.createStatement();
// 第一步:存在就先删除
String tableName = dropTable(stmt);
// 第二步:不存在就创建
createTable(stmt, tableName);
// 第三步:查看创建的表
showTables(stmt, tableName);
// 执行describe table操作
describeTables(stmt, tableName);
// 执行load data into table操作
loadData(stmt, tableName);
// 执行 select * query 操作
selectData(stmt, tableName);
// 执行 regular hive query 统计操作
countData(stmt, tableName);
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
log.error(driverName + " not found!", e);
System.exit(1);
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
log.error("Connection error!", e);
System.exit(1);
} finally {
try {
if (conn != null) {
conn.close();
conn = null;
}
if (stmt != null) {
stmt.close();
stmt = null;
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
private static void countData(Statement stmt, String tableName)
throws SQLException {
sql = "select count(1) from " + tableName;
System.out.println("Running:" + sql);
res = stmt.executeQuery(sql);
System.out.println("执行“regular hive query”运行结果:");
while (res.next()) {
System.out.println("count ------" + res.getString(1));
}
}
private static void selectData(Statement stmt, String tableName)
throws SQLException {
sql = "select * from " + tableName;
System.out.println("Running:" + sql);
res = stmt.executeQuery(sql);
System.out.println("执行 select * query 运行结果:");
while (res.next()) {
System.out.println(res.getInt(1) + "\t" + res.getString(2));
}
}
private static void loadData(Statement stmt, String tableName)
throws SQLException {
String filepath = "/home/hadoop01/data";
sql = "load data local inpath '" + filepath + "' into table "
+ tableName;
System.out.println("Running:" + sql);
res = stmt.executeQuery(sql);
}
private static void describeTables(Statement stmt, String tableName)
throws SQLException {
sql = "describe " + tableName;
System.out.println("Running:" + sql);
res = stmt.executeQuery(sql);
System.out.println("执行 describe table 运行结果:");
while (res.next()) {
System.out.println(res.getString(1) + "\t" + res.getString(2));
}
}
private static void showTables(Statement stmt, String tableName)
throws SQLException {
sql = "show tables '" + tableName + "'";
System.out.println("Running:" + sql);
res = stmt.executeQuery(sql);
System.out.println("执行 show tables 运行结果:");
if (res.next()) {
System.out.println(res.getString(1));
}
}
private static void createTable(Statement stmt, String tableName)
throws SQLException {
sql = "create table "
+ tableName
+ " (key int, value string) row format delimited fields terminated by '\t'";
stmt.executeQuery(sql);
}
private static String dropTable(Statement stmt) throws SQLException {
// 创建的表名
String tableName = "testHive";
sql = "drop table " + tableName;
stmt.executeQuery(sql);
return tableName;
}
private static Connection getConn() throws ClassNotFoundException,
SQLException {
Class.forName(driverName);
Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);
return conn;
}
}
hive jdbc连接不成功。。报错org.apache.thrift.transport.TTransportException: Invalid status -128
jdbc和连接池对于你这个场景来说，都足够，既然用spring管理了，建议还是使用连接池，另外，spring自身没有实现连接池，一般都是对第三方连接池的包装，常见的有C3P0，dbcp以及最近比较流行的boneCP等，这几个配置都差不多太多，以boneCP为例：
bean id="dataSource" class="com.jolbox.bonecp.BoneCPDataSource"
destroy-method="close"
property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClass}" /
property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}" /
property name="username" value="${jdbc.user}" /
property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" /
property name="idleConnectionTestPeriod" value="60" /
property name="idleMaxAge" value="240" /
property name="maxConnectionsPerPartition" value="30" /
property name="minConnectionsPerPartition" value="10" /
property name="partitionCount" value="2" /
property name="acquireIncrement" value="5" /
property name="statementsCacheSize" value="100" /
property name="releaseHelperThreads" value="3" /
/bean
bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate"
property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /
/bean
如何在Java中执行Hive命令或HiveQL
Java在1.5过后提供了ProcessBuilder根据运行时环境启动一个Process调用执行运行时环境下的命令或应用程序（1.5以前使用Runtime），关于ProcessBuilder请参考Java相关文档。调用代码如下：
String sql="show tables; select * from test_tb limit 10";
ListString command = new ArrayListString();
command.add("hive");
command.add("-e");
command.add(sql);
ListString results = new ArrayListString();
ProcessBuilder hiveProcessBuilder = new ProcessBuilder(command);
hiveProcess = hiveProcessBuilder.start();
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
hiveProcess.getInputStream()));
String data = null;
while ((data = br.readLine()) != null) {
results.add(data);
}
其中command可以是其它Hive命令，不一定是HiveQL。
java连接Hive的几种方式
2、JDBC连接的方式，当然还有其他的连接方式，比如ODBC等， 这种方式很常用，可以在网上随便找到，就不再累赘了。不稳定，经常会被大数据量冲挂，不建议使用。 3、这种方式是直接利用Hive的 Driver class 来直接连接，感觉这种方式不通过JDBC，应该速度会比较快一点（未经验证）。我只是在local模式下测试过。
如何使用kettle连接hive和hive2
连接hive的方法：
进入hive所在的服务器，输入：hive --service hiveserver（目的：启动thrift）
打开kettle配置连接界面，输入hive所在服务器的ip、所需要的hive库、端口号（thrift默认端口为：10000）
测试连接，即可
连接hive2的方法：
Error connecting to database [Hive] : org.pentaho.di.core.exception.KettleDatabaseException:
Error occured while trying to connect to the database
Error connecting to database: (using class org.apache.hadoop.hive.jdbc.HiveDriver)
Unable to load Hive Server 2 JDBC driver for the currently active Hadoop configuration
org.pentaho.di.core.exception.KettleDatabaseException:
Error occured while trying to connect to the database
Error connecting to database: (using class org.apache.hadoop.hive.jdbc.HiveDriver)
Unable to load Hive Server 2 JDBC driver for the currently active Hadoop configuration
at org.pentaho.di.core.database.Database.normalConnect(Database.java:428)
at org.pentaho.di.core.database.Database.connect(Database.java:361)
at org.pentaho.di.core.database.Database.connect(Database.java:314)
at org.pentaho.di.core.database.Database.connect(Database.java:302)
at org.pentaho.di.core.database.DatabaseFactory.getConnectionTestReport(DatabaseFactory.java:80)
at org.pentaho.di.core.database.DatabaseMeta.testConnection(DatabaseMeta.java:2685)
at org.pentaho.di.ui.core.database.dialog.DatabaseDialog.test(DatabaseDialog.java:109)
at org.pentaho.di.ui.core.database.wizard.CreateDatabaseWizardPage2.test(CreateDatabaseWizardPage2.java:157)
at org.pentaho.di.ui.core.database.wizard.CreateDatabaseWizardPage2$3.widgetSelected(CreateDatabaseWizardPage2.java:147)
at org.eclipse.swt.widgets.TypedListener.handleEvent(Unknown Source)
at org.eclipse.swt.widgets.EventTable.sendEvent(Unknown Source)
at org.eclipse.swt.widgets.Widget.sendEvent(Unknown Source)
at org.eclipse.swt.widgets.Display.runDeferredEvents(Unknown Source)
at org.eclipse.swt.widgets.Display.readAndDispatch(Unknown Source)
at org.eclipse.jface.window.Window.runEventLoop(Window.java:820)
at org.eclipse.jface.window.Window.open(Window.java:796)
at org.pentaho.di.ui.core.database.wizard.CreateDatabaseWizard.createAndRunDatabaseWizard(CreateDatabaseWizard.java:111)
at org.pentaho.di.ui.spoon.Spoon.createDatabaseWizard(Spoon.java:7457)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)
at org.pentaho.ui.xul.impl.AbstractXulDomContainer.invoke(AbstractXulDomContainer.java:313)
at org.pentaho.ui.xul.impl.AbstractXulComponent.invoke(AbstractXulComponent.java:157)
at org.pentaho.ui.xul.impl.AbstractXulComponent.invoke(AbstractXulComponent.java:141)
at org.pentaho.ui.xul.jface.tags.JfaceMenuitem.access$100(JfaceMenuitem.java:43)
at org.pentaho.ui.xul.jface.tags.JfaceMenuitem$1.run(JfaceMenuitem.java:106)
at org.eclipse.jface.action.Action.runWithEvent(Action.java:498)
at org.eclipse.jface.action.ActionContributionItem.handleWidgetSelection(ActionContributionItem.java:545)
at org.eclipse.jface.action.ActionContributionItem.access$2(ActionContributionItem.java:490)
at org.eclipse.jface.action.ActionContributionItem$5.handleEvent(ActionContributionItem.java:402)
at org.eclipse.swt.widgets.EventTable.sendEvent(Unknown Source)
at org.eclipse.swt.widgets.Widget.sendEvent(Unknown Source)
at org.eclipse.swt.widgets.Display.runDeferredEvents(Unknown Source)
at org.eclipse.swt.widgets.Display.readAndDispatch(Unknown Source)
at org.pentaho.di.ui.spoon.Spoon.readAndDispatch(Spoon.java:1297)
at org.pentaho.di.ui.spoon.Spoon.waitForDispose(Spoon.java:7801)
at org.pentaho.di.ui.spoon.Spoon.start(Spoon.java:9130)
at org.pentaho.di.ui.spoon.Spoon.main(Spoon.java:638)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)
at org.pentaho.commons.launcher.Launcher.main(Launcher.java:151)
Caused by: org.pentaho.di.core.exception.KettleDatabaseException:
Error connecting to database: (using class org.apache.hadoop.hive.jdbc.HiveDriver)
Unable to load Hive Server 2 JDBC driver for the currently active Hadoop configuration
at org.pentaho.di.core.database.Database.connectUsingClass(Database.java:573)
at org.pentaho.di.core.database.Database.normalConnect(Database.java:410)
... 43 more
Caused by: java.sql.SQLException: Unable to load Hive Server 2 JDBC driver for the currently active Hadoop configuration
at org.apache.hive.jdbc.HiveDriver.getActiveDriver(HiveDriver.java:107)
at org.apache.hive.jdbc.HiveDriver.callWithActiveDriver(HiveDriver.java:121)
at org.apache.hive.jdbc.HiveDriver.connect(HiveDriver.java:132)
at java.sql.DriverManager.getConnection(Unknown Source)
at java.sql.DriverManager.getConnection(Unknown Source)
at org.pentaho.di.core.database.Database.connectUsingClass(Database.java:555)
... 44 more
Caused by: java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.hive.jdbc.HiveDriver.getActiveDriver(HiveDriver.java:105)
... 49 more
Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to load JDBC driver of type: hive2
at org.pentaho.hadoop.shim.common.CommonHadoopShim.getJdbcDriver(CommonHadoopShim.java:108)
... 54 more
Caused by: java.lang.Exception: JDBC driver of type 'hive2' not supported
at org.pentaho.hadoop.shim.common.CommonHadoopShim.getJdbcDriver(CommonHadoopShim.java:104)
... 54 more
上述报错的解决方法如下：
1.找到%KETTLE_HOME%/plugins/pehtaho-big-data-plugin/plugin.properties文件
2.修改plugin.properties文件中的值：active.hadoop.configuration=hdp13
3.修改后重启kettle
4.配置完成后，即可连接上对应的库
如果要使用hadoop-20，则需要添加如下jar包：
hadoop-core-1.2.1.jar
hive-common-0.13.0.jar
hive-jdbc-0.13.0.jar
hive-service-0.13.0.jar
libthrift-0.9.1.jar
slf4j-api-1.7.5.jar
httpclient-4.2.5.jar
httpcore-4.2.5.jar
总结：使用hive2的好处，优化了连接、增加安全性、并行度
如何生成hive的建表语句
Java连接Hive
利用jdbc连接到hive，使用Java程序写一个循环。
先获取全部表，然后show create table每个表。
没能尝试成功，一直连接不上：
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.Statement;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
public class HiveTestCase {
private static String driverName = "org.apache.hive.jdbc.HiveDriver";
public static void main(String[] args)
throws SQLException {
try {
Class.forName(driverNa
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